Fig. 7

Schematic presentation of systematic salt tolerance mechanisms in the alkaligrass calli. The identified proteins were integrated into subcellular locations and pathways. Relative protein abundances, enzyme activities, and substrate contents in salt treatments compared with control are marked with squares, circles, and triangles white (unchanged), red (increased), and green (decreased), respectively. a Signaling and cytoskeleton; b Redox homeostasis and stress defense; c Osmotic hemostasis; d Protein synthesis and processing; e Carbohydrate and energy metabolism. Abbreviations: 1,3-BPG, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate; 2-PG, 2-phosphoglycerate; 6PδL, 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lacton; 6-PG, 6-phosphogluconate; AsA, ascorbic acid; CAT, catalase; DHA, dehydroascorbic; DHAR, dehydroascorbate reductase; E4P, erythrose 4-phosphate; F6P, fructose 6-phosphate; G3P, glycerate 3-phosphate; G6P, glucose 6-phosphate; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; GSH, reduced glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; MDHA, monodehydroascorbate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; POD, peroxidase; R5P, ribose 5-phosphate; Ru5P, ribulose 5-phosphate; S7P, Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate; SOD, Superoxide dismutase; X5P, Xylulose 5-phosphate; Please refer Fig. 5 for abbreviations of proteins identified in this study