Table 1 Leaf chlorophyll-content traits in the ZH RIL population across different environments

TSP

58.94 ± 0.82

54.58 ± 0.98

39.96

59.92

52.43

4.28

− 0.70

− 0.43

2017Spr-R1

MSP

48.17 ± 1.19

46.40 ± 1.27

29.50

55.64

46.35

4.20

−0.30

0.13

BSP

43.37 ± 1.14

41.71 ± 1.64

24.58

51.60

40.55

4.09

−10.00

0.68

ASP

50.16 ± 0.55

47.56 ± 0.59

37.30

54.90

46.46

3.31

−0.23

−0.43

TSP

58.06 ± 0.52

53.57 ± 1.08

40.92

60.60

51.34

3.41

−0.16

0.16

2017Spr-R4

MSP

55.37 ± 1.43

52.82 ± 0.66

37.00

58.46

47.29

3.27

0.21

1.17

BSP

47.06 ± 1.35

46.57 ± 1.51

35.34

53.60

42.87

2.90

0.27

0.74

ASP

53.50 ± 0.44

50.98 ± 0.32

39.58

54.70

47.16

2.59

−0.23

0.42

TSP

54.94 ± 1.24

50.40 ± 1.12

35.72

58.40

49.60

4.59

−0.24

− 0.85

2017Spr-R6

MSP

48.17 ± 0.66

46.40 ± 1.89

33.50

54.44

43.72

4.73

0.25

−0.93

BSP

44.37 ± 1.22

41.71 ± 0.89

24.58

47.00

37.83

4.37

0.48

−0.14

ASP

49.16 ± 0.59

46.17 ± 0.73

34.20

50.82

43.71

3.65

0.02

−0.60

TSP

44.19 ± 1.54

37.89 ± 1.84

31.00

45.36

39.34

2.87

−0.30

−0.58

2017Sum-R1

MSP

42.90 ± 1.18

37.32 ± 0.92

29.66

45.84

38.07

3.22

−0.20

−0.26

BSP

36.47 ± 1.09

33.57 ± 1.26

22.62

41.40

33.57

3.44

−0.55

0.42

ASP

41.19 ± 0.62

36.26 ± 1.17

30.02

43.34

37.00

2.37

−0.29

0.27

Chl_A^a

15.12 ± 1.09

9.88 ± 0.60

3.84

20.26

10.39

3.12

0.26

0.04

Chl_B^a

4.49 ± 0.27

2.89 ± 0.26

1.17

5.79

3.01

0.82

0.52

0.43

Chl_A/B

3.41 ± 0.30

3.55 ± 0.42

1.89

5.56

3.43

0.45

1.50

8.33

TSP

42.39 ± 1.71

40.24 ± 1.02

30.90

54.22

41.24

3.81

0.25

0.54

2017Sum-R4

MSP

42.42 ± 0.96

46.23 ± 1.19

29.70

52.18

41.50

4.40

0.04

−0.37

BSP

36.22 ± 1.25

35.89 ± 1.07

26.88

55.94

37.62

4.36

0.10

0.92

ASP

40.34 ± 0.33

40.79 ± 0.54

30.84

48.14

40.12

3.43

−0.09

−0.38

Chl_A^a

7.04 ± 0.55

8.93 ± 0.36

2.97

15.29

8.92

1.95

0.12

0.50

Chl_B^a

3.24 ± 0.20

3.10 ± 0.07

1.22

6.70

3.55

0.96

0.54

0.50

Chl_A/B

2.23 ± 0.28

2.88 ± 0.11

1.34

4.07

2.59

0.49

−0.09

−0.40

TSP

41.85 ± 1.38

41.33 ± 0.73

31.00

52.94

41.21

4.60

0.00

−0.56

2017Sum-R6

MSP

40.46 ± 0.95

41.73 ± 1.23

23.56

52.80

41.02

4.42

−0.50

0.92

BSP

35.72 ± 0.80

33.10 ± 0.85

22.24

44.30

32.72

3.75

−0.42

0.71

ASP

39.34 ± 0.69

38.72 ± 0.81

29.58

46.30

38.51

3.26

−0.13

−0.55

Chl_A^a

5.17 ± 0.25

4.73 ± 0.31

2.17

5.65

3.38

0.77

0.35

−0.47

Chl_B^a

3.21 ± 0.40

2.83 ± 0.31

0.43

3.76

2.12

0.68

0.56

−0.31

Chl_A/B

1.75 ± 0.30

1.76 ± 0.24

0.90

3.91

1.68

0.48

1.38

2.41