Fig. 2

Fluctuations of Effective Population Expansions and Contractions. The pink curves represent PSMC estimates for 100 bootstrapped sequences. The light blue line indicates changes of the Northern hemisphere air temperature [32]. The gradient blue bars above the plots represent the glacial periods and the gradient yellow bars represent the interglacial periods. “g” is the generation time of each species. A Arowanas. B Catfishes. C Nile tilapia. D Blue tilapia. E Half-smooth tongue sole and Japanese flounder. F Atlantic herring. G Spotted green pufferfish. H Medaka