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Mitochondrial genomes of flowering plants (angiosperms) are highly dynamic in genome structure. The mitogenome of the earliest angiosperm Amborella is remarkable in carrying rampant foreign DNAs, in contrast to L...
Peach (Prunus persica) is an important fruit crop that generally softens rapidly after harvest resulting in a short shelf-life. By contrast, stony hard (SH) peach fruit does not soften and hardly produces ethylen...
Interactions between proteins are key components in the chemical and physical processes of living organisms. Among these interactions, membrane receptors and their ligands are particularly important because th...
The mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) is a euryhaline and commercially important species. MiRNAs participate in the regulation of many physiological activities.
As most ancient biological samples have low levels of endogenous DNA, it is advantageous to enrich for specific genomic regions prior to sequencing. One approach—in-solution capture-enrichment—retrieves sequen...
Leaf development is a complex biological process that is accompanied by wide transcriptional changes. Many protein-coding genes have been characterized in plant leaves, but little attention has been given to n...
Host specialization is a hallmark of numerous plant pathogens including bacteria, fungi, oomycetes and viruses. Yet, the molecular and evolutionary bases of host specificity are poorly understood. In some case...
It is known that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in various biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. However, their functions and profiles in lac...
Genome editing by CRISPR-Cas9 technology allows large-scale screening of gene essentiality in cancer. A confounding factor when interpreting CRISPR-Cas9 screens is the high false-positive rate in detecting ess...
While RNA is often created from linear splicing during transcription, recent studies have found that non-canonical splicing sometimes occurs. Non-canonical splicing joins 3’ and 5’ and forms the so-called circ...
The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is one of the most popular bioinformatics resources. Recently, HPO-based phenotype semantic similarity has been effectively applied to model patient phenotype data. However, ...
Deciphering the history of life on Earth has long been regarded as one of the most central tasks in biology. In past years, widespread discordance between the evolutionary histories of different groups of orth...
Single cell transcriptomics is critical for understanding cellular heterogeneity and identification of novel cell types. Leveraging the recent advances in single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) technology requ...
Viral infection involves a large number of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between virus and its host. These interactions range from the initial binding of viral coat proteins to host membrane receptor to ...
In mass spectrometry-based proteomics, protein identification is an essential task. Evaluating the statistical significance of the protein identification result is critical to the success of proteomics studies...
Repeat elements are important components of most eukaryotic genomes. Most existing tools for repeat analysis rely either on high quality reference genomes or existing repeat libraries. Thus, it is still challe...
With the developments of DNA sequencing technology, large amounts of sequencing data have been produced that provides unprecedented opportunities for advanced association studies between somatic mutations and ...
Alternative splicing is a ubiquitous post-transcriptional regulation mechanism in most eukaryotic genes. Aberrant splicing isoforms and abnormal isoform ratios can contribute to cancer development. Kinase gene...
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that one of the authors’ names was erroneously changed during proofing and published incorrectly. In this Correction the incorrect and co...
While photosynthesis is the most notable trait of plants, several lineages of plants (so-called full heterotrophs) have adapted to obtain organic compounds from other sources. The switch to heterotrophy leads ...
Resistance to 3rd-generation cephalosporins in Escherichia coli is mostly mediated by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) or AmpC beta-lactamases. Besides overexpression of the species-specific chromosomal
Direct molecular cloning of full-length cDNAs derived from viral RNA is an approach to identify the individual viral genomes within a virus population. This enables characterization of distinct viral haplotype...
Plant lipoxygenase (LOX) genes are members of the non-haeme iron-containing dioxygenase family that catalyze the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids into functionally diverse oxylipins. The LOX family gen...
Maintaining maximum genetic diversity and preserving breed viability in conserved populations necessitates the rigorous evaluation of conservation schemes. Three chicken breeds (Baier Yellow Chicken (BEC), Bei...
Recent studies have described a widespread induction of transcriptional readthrough as a consequence of various stress conditions in mammalian cells. This novel phenomenon, initially identified from analysis o...
Though it is toxic to humans, dichlorvos is a widely used chemical pesticide and plays an important role in the control of plant pests. The application of a combination of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma with di...
The reporting of the first draft of the human genome in 2000 brought with it much hope for the future in what was felt as a paradigm shift toward improved health outcomes. Indeed, we have now mapped the majori...
The domestic chicken (Gallus gallus) is widely used as a model in developmental biology and is also an important livestock species. We describe a novel approach to data integration to generate an mRNA expression ...
Nematode sperm have unique and highly diverged morphology and molecular biology. In particular, nematode sperm contain subcellular vesicles known as membranous organelles that are necessary for male fertility,...
Anisakis simplex sensu stricto and Anisakis pegreffii are sibling species of nematodes parasitic on marine mammals. Zoonotic human infection with third stage infective larvae causes anisakiasis, a debilitating an...
Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) is a reconstitution of hexaploid wheat from its progenitors (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum L.; AABB x Aegilops tauschii Coss.; DD) and has novel sources of genetic diversity for bro...
The expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is essential for the proper development of the mammalian embryo. A maternal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals during preimplantation bears the potential for transg...
The purpose of the present study was to examine the GC content of substituted bases (sbGC) in the core genomes of 35 bacterial species. Each species, or core genome, constituted genomes from at least 10 strain...
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) enhances plant water-use efficiency through an inverse day/night pattern of stomatal closure/opening that facilitates nocturnal CO2 uptake. CAM has evolved independently in over...
Bacteria belonging to the Rhodococcus genus play an important role in the degradation of many contaminants, including methylbenzenes. These bacteria, widely distributed in the environment, are known to be a power...
Allopolyploids require rapid genetic and epigenetic modifications to reconcile two or more sets of divergent genomes. To better understand the fate of duplicate genes following genomic mergers and doubling dur...
Since 2007, bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) has become a pandemic disease leading to important economic losses in every country where kiwifruit is widely cultivated. Options f...
Following the publication of this article [1], the authors found that the primers listed for CREB-binding protein were not correct. This mistake occurred during assembly of the primer table and the authors apo...
Meloidogyne incognita is a devastating nematode that causes significant losses in cucumber production worldwide. Although numerous studies have emphasized on the susceptible response of plants after nematode infe...
Mutant peptides presented by MHC (major histocompatibility complex) Class II in cancer are important targets for cancer immunotherapy. Both animal studies and clinical trials in cancer patients showed that CD4...
Severe equine asthma, also known as recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), is a debilitating, performance limiting, obstructive respiratory condition in horses that is phenotypically similar to human asthma. Past...
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”) is a widely used entactogenic drug known to impair cognitive functions on the long-run. Both hippocampal and frontal cortical regions have well established r...
The 14–3-3 family of ubiquitous proteins in eukaryotes plays important roles in the regulation of various plant biological processes. However, less information is known about this family in grape fruit.
Satellite DNA is a rapidly diverging, largely repetitive DNA component of many eukaryotic genomes. Here we analyse the evolutionary dynamics of a satellite DNA repeat in the genomes of a group of Asian subtrop...
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has a double-stranded DNA genome of approximately 235 Kbp that is structurally complex including extended GC-rich repeated regions. Genomic recombination events are frequent in HCM...
The Mediterranean diet is considered one of the healthier food habits and olive oil is one of its key components. Olive oil polyphenols are known to induce beneficial effects in several pathological conditions...
Members of the phylum Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular pathogens of humans and animals and have a serious impact on host health. They comprise several zoonotic species with varying disease outcomes and pr...
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an important epigenetic modification which plays various roles in mRNA metabolism and embryogenesis directly related to human diseases. To identify m6A in a large scale, machine learni...
Human neutrophils are central players in innate immunity, a major component of inflammatory responses, and a leading model for cell motility and chemotaxis. However, primary neutrophils are short-lived, limiti...
Multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations are a newly established tool to dissect quantitative traits. We developed the high resolution MAGIC wheat population WM-800, consisting of 910 F4:6 ...
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