Barke J, Seipke RF, Gruschow S, Heavens D, Drou N, Bibb MJ, Goss RJM, Yu DW, Hutchings MI. A mixed community of actinomycetes produce multiple antibiotics for the fungus farming ant Acromyrmex octospinosus. BMC Biol. 2010;8:109.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Brune A, Dietrich C. The gut microbiota of termites: digesting the diversity in light of ecology and evolution. Ann Rev Microbiol. 2015;69:145–66.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Buchon N, Broderick NA, Lemaitre B. Gut homeostasis in a microbial world: insights form Drosophila melanogaster. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013;11:615–25.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bush K. Characterization of beta-lactamases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989;33:259–63.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Chen J, Xie C, Tian L, Hong L, Wu X, Han J. Participation by the p38 pathway in Drosophila host defense against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;107:20774–9.
Article
Google Scholar
Chouvenc T, Su N-Y, Robert A. Inhibition of Metarhizium anisopliae in the alimentary tract of the eastern subterranean termite Reticulitermes flavipes. J Invertebr Pathol. 2009;101:130–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chu CC, Spencer JL, Curzi MJ, Zavala JA, Seufferheld MJ. Gut bacteria facilitate adaptation to crop rotation in the western corn root worm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110:11917–22.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Chung SH, Rosa C, Scully ED, Peiffer M, Tooker JF, Hoover K, Luthe DS, Felton GW. Herbivore exploits orally secreted bacteria to suppress plant defenses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110:15728–33.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cleveland LR. Symbiosis between termites and their intestinal protozoa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1923;9:424–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cleveland LR. The physiological and symbiotic relationships between the intestinal protozoa of termites and their hosts, with special reference to Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). Biol Bull. 1924;46:225–777.
Article
Google Scholar
Deiana L, Carru C, Pes G, Tadolini B. Spectrophotometric measurement of hydroperoxides at increased sensitivity by oxidation of Fe2+ in the presence of xylenol orange. Free Radical Res. 1999;31:237–44.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Do TH, Nguyen TT, Nguyen TN, Le QG, Nguyen C, Kimura K, Troung NH. Mining biomass-degrading genes through Illumina-based de novo sequencing and metagenomics analysis of free-living bacteria in the gut of the lower termite Coptotermes gestroi harvested in Vietnam. J Biosci Bioengin. 2014;118:665–71.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Feng P, Shang Y, Cen K, Wang C. Fungal biosynthesis of the bibenzoquinone oosporein to evade insect immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112:11365–70.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
He S, Ivanova N, Kirton E, Allgaier M, Bergin C, Scheffrahn RH, Kyrpides NC, Warneke F, Tringe SG, Hugenholtz P. Comparative metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis of hindgut paunch microbiota in wood- and dung-feeding higher termites. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e61126.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hongoh Y, Sharma VK, Prakash T, Noda S, Toh H, Taylor TD, Kudo T, Sakaki Y, Toyoda A, Hattori M, Ohkuma M. Complete genome of the uncultured Termite Group 1 bacteria in a single host protist cell. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:5555–60.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hongoh Y, Sharma VK, Prakash T, Noda S, Toh H, Taylor TD, Kudo T, Sakaki Y, Toyoda A, Hattori M, Ohkuma M. Genome of an endosymbiont coupling N2 fixation to cellulolysis within protist cells in termite gut. Science. 2008;322:1108–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Husseneder C. Symbiosis in subterranean termites: a review of insights from molecular studies. Environ Entomol. 2010;39:378–88.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Imlay JA. The molecular mechanisms and physiological consequences of oxidative stress: lessons from a model bacterium. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013;11:443–54.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Inoue J, Oshima K, Suda W, Sakamoto M, Iino T, Noda S, Hongoh Y, Hattori M, Ohkuma M. Distribution of nitrogen fixation genes in the phylum Bacteroidetes. Microbes Environ. 2015;30:44–50.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kadenbach B. Instrinic and extrinsic uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. Biochem Biophys Bioenerg. 2003;2:77–94.
Article
Google Scholar
Kikuchi Y, Hayatsu M, Hosokawa T, Nagayama A, Tago K, Fukatsu T. Symbiont-mediated insecticide resistane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:8618–22.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lucey KS, Leadbetter JR. Catechol 2,3-disoxygenase and other meta-cleavage catabolic pathway genes in the ‘anaerobic’ termite gut spirochete Treponema primitia. Mol Ecol. 2014;23:1531–43.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mauldin JK, Rich NM, Cook DW. Amino acid synthesis from 14C-acetate by normally and abnormally faunated termites, Coptotermes formosanus. Insect Biochem. 1978;8:105–9.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Nazarczuk RA, O’Brien RW, Slaytor M. Alteration of gut microbiota and its effect on nitrogen metabolism in termites. Insect Biochem. 1981;11:267–75.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Oakeson KF, Gil R, Clayton AL, Dunn DM, von Niederhausern AC, Hamil C, Aoyagi A, Duval B, Baca A, Silva FJ, Vallier A, Jackson DG, Latorre A, Weiss RB, Heddi A, Moya A, Dale C. Genome degeneration and adaptation in a nascent stage of symbiosis. Genome Biol Evol. 2014;6:76–93.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ohtoko K, Ohkuma M, Moriya S, Inoue T, Usami R, Kudo T. Diverse genes of cellulase homologues of glycosyl hydrolase family 45 from the symbiotic protists in the hindgut of the termite Reticulitermes speratus. Extremophiles. 2000;4:343–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Peterson BF, Scharf ME. Lower termite associations with microbes: synergy, protection, and interplay. Frontiers Microbiol. 2016;7:422.
Article
Google Scholar
Peterson BF, Stewart HL, Scharf ME. Quantifying symbiotic contributions to lower termite digestion using antimicrobial compounds. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2015;59:80–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Poulsen M, Hu H, Li C, Chen Z, Xu L, Otani S, Nygaard S, Nobre T, Klaubauf S, Schindler PM, Hauser F, Pan H, Yang Z, Sonneberg ASM, de Beer ZW, Zhang Y, Wingfield MJ, Grimmelikhuijzen CJP, de Vries RP, Korb J, Aanen DK, Wang J, Boomsma JJ, Zhang G. Complementary symbiont contributions to plant decomposition in a fungus-farming termite. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;11(40):14500–5.
Article
Google Scholar
Rajarapu SP, Shreve JT, Bhide KP, Thimmapuram J, Scharf ME. Metatranscriptomic profiles of Eastern subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) fed on second generation feedstocks. BMC Genomics. 2015;16:332.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rosengaus RB, Schultheis KF, Yalonetskaya A, Bulmer MS, DuComb WS, Benson RW, Thottam JP, Godoy-Carter V. Symbiont-derived β-1,3-glucanses in a social insect: mutualism beyond nutrition. Frontiers Microbiol. 2014;5:607.
Article
Google Scholar
Scharf ME, Karl ZJ, Sethi A, Boucias DG. Multiple levels of synergistic collaboration in termite lignocellulose digestion. PLoS One. 2011;6:e21709.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sen R, Raychoudhury R, Cai Y, Sun Y, Ulrike-Lietze V, Peterson BF, Scharf ME, Boucias DG. Molecular signatures of nicotinoid-pathogen synergy in the termite gut. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0123391.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Siebert CM, Raushel FM. Structural and catalytic diversity within the amidohydrolase superfamily. Biochem. 2005;44:6383–91.
Article
Google Scholar
Snyder AK, Deberry JW, Runyen-Janecky L, Rio RVM. Nutrient provisioning facilitates homeostasis between tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidae) symbionts. Proc Royal Soc B. 2010;283:0364.
Google Scholar
Tartar A, Wheeler MM, Zhou X, Coy MR, Boucias DG, Scharf ME. Parallel metatranscriptome analyses of host and symbiont gene expression in the gut of the termite Reticulitermes flavipes. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2009;2:25.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Terrapon N, Li C, Robertson HM, Ji L, Meng X, Booth W, Chen Z, et al. Molecular traces of alternative social organization in a termite genome. Nat Comm. 2014;5:3636.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Todaka N, Lopez C, Inoue T, Saita K, Maruyama IJ, Arioka M, et al. Heterologous expression and characterization of an endoglucanase from a symbiotic protist of the lower termite, Reticulitermes speratus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2010;160:1168–78.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tokuda G, Tsuboi Y, Kihara K, Saitou S, Moriya S, Lo N, Kikuchi J. Metabolomic profiling of 13C-labelled cellulose digestion in a lower termite: insights into gut symbiont function. Proc Royal Soc B. 2014;281:20140990.
Article
Google Scholar
Trager W. A cellulase from the symbiotic intestinal flagellates of termites and of the roach Cryptocercus punctulatus. Biochem J. 1932;26:1762–71.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Visser AA, Nobre T, Currie CR, Aanen DK, Poulsen M. Exploring the potential for Actinobacteria as defensive symbionts in fungus-growing termites. Microbiol Ecol. 2012;63z:975–85.
Article
Google Scholar
Watanabe H, Noda H, Tokuda G, Lo N. A cellulase gene of termite origin. Nature. 1998;394:330–1.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wertz JT, Kim E, Breznak JA, Schmidt TM, Rodrigues JLM. Genomic and physiological characterization of the Verrucomicrobia isolate Diplosphaera colitermitum gen. nov., sp. nov., reveals microaerophily and nitrogen fixation genes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012;78:1544–55.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
West AP, Shadel GS, Ghosh S. Mitochondria in innate immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011;11:389–402.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wu D, Daugherty SC, Van Aken SE, Pai GH, Watkins KL, Khouri H, Tallon LJ, Zaborsky JM, Dunbar HE, Tran PL, Moran NA, Eisen JA. Metabolic complementarity and genomics of the dual bacterial symbiosis of sharpshooters. PLoS Biol. 2006;4:e188.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yamada A, Inoue T, Noda S, Hongoh Y, Ohkuma M. Evolutionary trend of phylogenetic diversity of nitrogen fixation genes in the gut community of wood-feeding termites. Mol Ecol. 2007;16:3768–77.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yuki M, Kuwahara H, Shintani M, Izawa K, Sato T, Starns D, Hongoh Y, Ohkuma M. Dominant ectosymbiotic bacteria of cellulolytic protists in the termite gut also have potential to digest lignocellulose. Environ Microbiol. 2015;17:4942–53.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhou X, Kovaleva E, Wu-Scharf D, Campbell J, Buchman G, Boucias D, Scharf ME. Production and characterization of a recombinant beta-1,4-endoglucanase (glycohydrolase family 9) from the termite Reticulitermes flavipes. Archives Insect Biochem Physiol. 2010;74:147–62.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Zientz E, Dandekar T, Gross R. Metabolic interdependence of obligate intracellular bacteria and their insect hosts. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2004;68:745–70.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar